He also analyzed the human face from ancient times to the modern day. Marquardt performed cross-cultural surveys on beauty and found that all groups had the same perceptions of facial beauty. Stephen Marquardt has studied human beauty for years in his practice of oral and maxillofacial surgery. A template for human beauty is found in phi and the pentagonĭr. Take another look at beauty through the eyes of medical science. The evidence, however, shows that our perception of physical beauty is hard wired into our being and based entirely on how closely one's features reflect phi in their proportions. It has long been said that beauty is in the eye of the beholder and thought that beauty varies by race, culture or era. Edward O.General Discussion: Human beauty and Golden Ratio Print Page | Close Window.Sexual orientation correlated with blood type but.Andaman islanders: relic of early Asians or more r.Y chromosomes of Bakhtiari and Arabs from Iran.South differences in China detectable in. CONCLUSIONS: Marquardt's mask does not appear to describe 'ideal' face shape even for white women because its proportions are inconsistent with the optimal preferences of most people, especially with regard to femininity. RESULTS: Marquardt's mask best describes the facial proportions of masculinized white women as seen in fashion models. Thin-plate spline analysis is used to illustrate visually how sample faces, including northwestern European averages, differ from Marquardt's mask. METHODS: Generalized Procrustes analysis is used to show how goodness of fit with Marquardt's mask can be assessed. This article aims to show the proper way of assessing goodness of fit with Marquardt's mask, to address the shape of the mask as it pertains to masculinity-femininity, and to discuss the broader issue of an objective assessment of facial attractiveness. Given that the general public strongly and overwhelmingly prefers above average facial femininity in women, white women seeking aesthetic facial surgery would be ill-advised to aim toward a better fit with Marquardt's mask. The mask also appears to approximate the face shape of masculinized European women. The mask is ill-suited for non-European populations, especially sub-Saharan Africans and East Asians. The method used to examine goodness of fit with the proportions in the mask is faulty. However, Marquardt's mask is associated with numerous problems. Many have found his mask convincing, including cosmetic surgeons. Marquardt's Phi Mask: Pitfalls of Relying on Fashion Models and the Golden Ratio to Describe a Beautiful Face.īACKGROUND: Stephen Marquardt has derived a mask from the golden ratio that he claims represents the 'ideal' facial archetype. See the Human Beauty and You and the Mask sites for more information on the Beauty Mask.

Marquardt beauty mask